However, it raises the problem of how the chariot could have been kept travelling in straight lines with sufficient accuracy without using the pointing doll. If turns were brief and rare, this would have greatly reduced the pointing errors, since they would have accumulated only during the short periods when the doll and differential were connected. Putting such a wheel on the chariot and making it function properly would not have been difficult. The south-pointing chariot was not. I had the idea to create one, rather than to just buy one to better understand how it works, because the available toys use gears that are too small to see. The doll turned in opposite directions depending on which road wheel was connected to it, so its rotation compensated for the chariot turning left or right. As soon as the differential was built, it was easy to see how the pointer maintained a fixed position if the top and bottom crown gears moved the same amount but in opposite directions. However, the carriage moves the xian and the boys stand crosswise and point south. But it was being used backwards. No gears would have been attached to it, so perhaps the author of the description did not mention it because he did not realize that it was an important part of the mechanism. The mechanism had four wooden gears, arranged in much the same way as the differential gear of an automobile. automotive) uses of differentials interpreted some of the ancient Chinese descriptions in ways that agreed with their own ideas. People who were familiar with modern (e.g. The carriage is harnessed with two red horses, bearing frontlets of bronze.There is a widely believed hypothesis that most, if not all, south-pointing chariots worked by means of In an automobile, Shaft A is connected to the engine (through the transmission), and Shafts B and C are connected to two road wheels, one on each side of the vehicle. Though there are many stories in Chinese folklore about its invention, the South Pointing Chariot is the earliest known mechanism to use gears, Emperor Huang Di was probably the original designer in the 27th century B.C.E. The ancient Chinese invented a mobile-like armored cart in the 5th century BC called the There are legends of earlier south-pointing chariots, but the first reliably documented one was created by the Chinese mechanical engineer There were probably several types of south-pointing chariot which worked differently. The chariot had geared wheels and an indicator that functioned as a compass always pointed southward. The south-pointing chariot, a mechanical-geared, wheeled vehicle used to discern the southern cardinal direction (without magnetics), was given a brief description by Ma's contemporary Fu Xuan.
While none of the historic south-pointing chariots remain, full sized replicas can be found. Even initialization could have been avoided by simply declaring some arbitrary direction to be "south". (A The charioteer would have had to use great skill to ensure that the radius of each turn of the chariot was correct to make one of the wheels exactly stop rotating. The fact that the sources cited above mention that the chariot was placed at the front of processions, its high level of mechanical complexity and fragility, and that it was 'reinvented' several times contribute to the conclusion that it was not used for navigation, as a truly practical and useful navigational tool would not be forgotten or left unused. When it has turned round 12 teeth, the carriage moves due west, but still the wooden figure stands crosswise and points south.
Dubious legends place its origins as far back as 2635 BCE, but most believe one was built by Ma Jun around 250 CE, and that it probably involved gears. If it initially points exactly to the south, at the end of the one-kilometre trip it will point almost to the Considerable scepticism is therefore warranted as to whether this type of south-pointing chariot, using a differential gear for the whole time, was used in practice to navigate over long distances.
I purchased a 3D printer to build the gears large enough to see. tier-wheels), a pair on either side. The Jin Dynasty(265–420 CE) era text of the Shu Zhe… In the future, I might make the top bearing holder removable, with a design similar to the wheel flange bearing support. Set a wooden image of a '...Then below the crossbar at the end of the pole, two small vertical wheels 3 inches in diameter and pierced by an iron axle, to the left 1 small horizontal wheel, 1.2 feet in diameter, with 12 teeth, to the right 1 small horizontal wheel, 1.2 ft. in diameter, with 12 teeth, in the middle 1 large horizontal wheel, of diameter 4.8 ft. and circumference 14.4 ft., with 48 teeth, the teeth at intervals of 3 inches apart; in the middle a vertical shaft piercing the center (of the large horizontal wheel) 8 ft. high and 3 inches in diameter; at the top carrying the wooden figure of the 'When the carriage moves (southward) let the wooden figure point south. A third wheel might have been used to fix the turning radius.
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south pointing chariot design